BS AU 232-1989 装有调节器的道路车辆交流发电机的试验和一般要求方法
时间:2024-04-27 21:45:55 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：8468
【英文标准名称】:Methodsoftestandgeneralrequirementsforroadvehiclealternatorswithregulators
【原文标准名称】:装有调节器的道路车辆交流发电机的试验和一般要求方法
【标准号】:BSAU232-1989
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1989-09-29
【实施或试行日期】:1989-09-29
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:图形表示;交流发电机;性能试验;运载工具部件;内燃机;电气试验;电机;发电机;控制器;电路;试验条件;发动机部件;电流测量;道路车辆零部件;准确度;试验设备
【英文主题词】:Alternating-currentgenerators;Controllers;Definition;Definitions;Electricgenerators;Generators;Internalcombustionengines;Motorvehicles;Roadvehicles;Specification(approval);Testing;Tests;Three-phasecurrent;Vehiclecomponents
【摘要】:Testmethodsfordeterminingtheelectricalcharacteristicsofalternatorswithregulatorsmountedoninternalcombustionengines.
【中国标准分类号】:T36
【国际标准分类号】:43_040_10
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingLaboratoryToxicityTestswithFreshwaterMussels
【原文标准名称】:用淡水贻贝进行实验室毒性试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME2455-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.03
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:生物分析和试验;生物试验;生物水污染物;导电的;淡水;实验室试验;贻贝;毒性;水质;水质试验
【英文主题词】:acutetoxicitytest;bivalve;chronictoxicitytest;freshwater;glochidia;juvenilemussels;Margaritiferidae;Margaritiferidmussels;mollusc;mollusk;mussels;sediment;Unionidae;Unionidmussels;Unionoidea
【摘要】:1.1Thisstandardguidedescribesmethodsforconductinglaboratorytoxicitytestswithearlylifestagesoffreshwatermusselsincludingglochidiaandjuvenilemusselsinwater-onlyexposures(AnnexA1).Futurerevisionstothisstandardmaydescribemethodsforconductingtoxicitytestswith(1)adultfreshwatermusselsand(2)contaminatedsedimentsusingvariouslifestagesoffreshwatermussels.1.2ManyfactorsarecitedaspotentiallycontributingtothedeclineoffreshwatermusselpopulationsinNorthAmerica.Ofthenearly300taxaoffreshwatermusselsinNorthAmerica,70species(23%)arelistedasendangeredorthreatenedandanother40species(14%)arecandidatesforpossiblelisting(Williamsetal1993(1);Neves1997,2004(2,3)).Habitatalteration,introductionofexoticspecies,over-utilization,disease,predationandpollutionareconsideredcausalorcontributingfactorsinmanyareasoftheUnitedStates(Nevesetal1997)(4).Overthepastdecade,therehavebeenover75publishedstudiesconductedthathaveevaluatedtheroleofcontaminantsinthedeclineofpopulationsoffreshwatermussels(Kernaghanetal2005)(5).Inthesestudies,earlylifestagesofmusselsofseveralspeciesarehighlysensitivetosomemetalsandammoniainwaterexposureswhencomparedtomanyofthemostsensitivespeciesofotherinvertebrates,fish,oramphibiansthatarecommonlyusedtoestablishU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyWaterQualityCriteria(WQC;Augspurgeretal2003(6),Kelleretal2005(7),Kernaghanetal2005(5);USGS(2005a,b)(8,9)section1.5).Importantly,resultsofthesepreviousstudiesindicateWQCforindividualchemicalsestablishedfortheprotectionofaquaticorganismsmaynotbeadequatelyprotectiveofsensitivestagesoffreshwatermussels.1.3SummaryofLifeHistoryofFreshwaterMussels1.3.1FreshwatermusselsarebivalvemollusksbelongingtothefamilyUnionidaeorMargaritiferidae(section10.1).Adultsaresedentaryanimals,spendingtheirentirelivespartiallyorcompletelyburrowedinthebottomsofstreams,rivers,orlakes.Adultmusselsarefilterfeeders,usingtheirgillstoremovesuspendedparticlesfromthewatercolumn.Themicroscopic,juvenilestageusesfoot(pedal)feedingtosomedegreeforthefirstseveralmonthsoftheirlives,feedingondepositionalmaterialsinporewaterofsediment,includingbacteria,algae,anddetritus.Freshwatermusselshaveanunusualandcomplexmodeofreproduction,whichincludesabrief,obligatoryparasiticstageonfishorotherhostorganismscalledglochidia(Fig.1).1.3.2Thesuccessfultransferofmatureglochidiatoasuitablehostconstitutesacriticaleventinthelifecycleofmostfreshwatermussels.Oncetheglochidiaarereleasedfromthefemale,theglochidianeedtoattachtothegillsorthefinsofanappropriatefishhostandencysttocompletedevelopment.Althoughglochidiamaysurviveformonthsduringbroodinginthefemalemussel,glochidiatypicallysurviveforonlyafewdaysafterreleaseunlesstheglochidiareachacompatiblehost.Encystmentonthehostoccursbyovergrowthofhosttissue.Metamorphosisofjuvenilemusselsonthefishhostoccurswithindaysorweeks,dependingonspeciesandtemperature.Hostfishspecificityvariesamongmussels.Whilesomemusselspeciesappeartorequireasinglehostorganism,otherspeciescantransformtheirglochidiaintojuvenilemusselsonseveralspeciesofhostfish.Followingproperhostinfestation,glochidiatransformintomicroscopicjuvenilesandexcyst(dropoff)andsettleintosuitablehabitattosurvive.Thetransformationofglochidiatojuvenilesresultsinthedevelopmentofinternalorgansnecessaryforself-sustainedexistenceasabenthicorganism.1.3.3Newly-releasedjuvenil......
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_70
【页数】:52P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:Sheathedheatingelements
【原文标准名称】:包覆加热元件
【标准号】:UL1030-1994
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1994-11-02
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国保险商实验所(UL)
【起草单位】:UL
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:护壳;尺寸;漏电;金属护套;壳;加热条;绝缘;加热元件
【英文主题词】:heatingelements;dimensions;shell;sheathings;metalsheaths;firebars;leakagecurrent;insulations
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K14
【国际标准分类号】:27_010
【页数】:19P;A4
【正文语种】:英语